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ABSTRACT
Introduction. Our study aimed to describe the epidemiology and pattern of tumors in adolescents and young adults (AYA) managed in the oncology department of the University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Togo. Materials and methods. A cross sectional retrospective study was performed from March 2016 to March 2021 in the oncology department of the University Teaching Hospital of Lomé. Medical records of patients aged 15-39 years with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of cancer were retrieved for analysis. Demographic characteristics, clinical and histological data were collected. Results. A total of 190 adolescents and Young Adults representing 16.9% of all cancer cases were diagnosed over the study period. There were 128 females (67.4%) and 62 males (32.6%). The majority of patients were in the age group of 35-39 years (n=84; 44.2%) and less than 5% were aged 15-19 years. The largest diagnosed group of cancer was carcinoma (n = 128; 67.4%). Breast cancer (n= 55; 43%) and gonadic cancer (n= 19; 15%) were the most common cancers in AYAs women while liver cancer (n=12; 19.4%) and non- Hodgkin lymphoma (n=9; 15%) were most common in AYAs men. Soft tissue was the most common site of cancer in adolescents aged 15-19 years, whereas Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas were most common in the 20-24 age groups. Breast cancer was the most prevalent cancer in 25-29, 30-34, and 35-39 age groups. Conclusion. Cancer in AYA is a significant and growing health problem. Our results show that Togolese AYAs are a heterogeneous group of patients affected by a variety of cancers. This study can help us to understand their need and to establish a standard of care for cancer in this population.
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. Le but de notre étude était de décrire le profil épidémiologique et histologique des cancers des adolescents et des jeunes adultes à Lomé. Matériels et méthodes. Il s’agit d’une étude transversale descriptive et rétrospective portant sur les patients âgés de 15 à 39 ans reçus dans le service d’oncologie du CHU SO de Lomé du 1er mars 2016 au 1er Mars 2021. Les données épidémiologiques et histopathologiques de ces patients ont été recueillies et analysées. Résultats. Les adolescents et les adultes jeunes ont représenté 16.9% des patients reçus pour un cancer. Il y’avait 128 femmes et 62 hommes. La majorité des patients étaient âgés de 35 à 39 ans (n=84 ; 44.2%) et moins de 5 % étaient dans la tranche d’âge des 15-19 ans. Les carcinomes étaient le type histologique le plus fréquent. Le cancer du sein et les tumeurs gonadiques étaient les cancers les plus fréquents chez les adolescentes et les jeunes femmes tandis que le cancer du foie et les lymphomes non hodgkiniens étaient plus fréquents chez les adolescents et les jeunes hommes. Les tissus mous étaient le site tumoral le plus atteint chez les adolescents et le sein était la localisation tumorale la plus fréquente dans les tranches d’âge de 25 à 39 ans. Conclusion. Le spectre du cancer chez les adolescents et les jeunes adultes au Togo est hétérogène et variable selon les tranches d’âge. La connaissance de la prévalence du cancer et des types histologiques de ces patients peut aider à établir des standards de soins dans ce groupe spécifique.

Keywords

adolescents and Young Adults Cancer Epidemiology Togo

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Ablavi, A.-I., Amégbor, K., Kwamé, D., & Darré, T. (2021). Cancer Among Adolescents and Young Adults of Togo: an Epidemiological and Clinicopathological Study. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 22(7). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v22i7.2826
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