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RÉSUMÉ
Objective. We aimed to report our experience of conducting the first reactive OCV campaign in hard-to-reach fishermen communities on an Archipelagic Health District in Cameroon with some challenges and lessons learnt. Population and Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out using results of two rounds of reactive mass vaccination campaigns against cholera. An estimated target of 9,421 people aged 1 year and above including pregnant women. The two rounds took place from February to March 2020 using an oral bivalent killed vaccine, ShancholTM. The pre-campaign phase was comprised of extensive planning on risk analysis, social mobilization, vaccine logistics, Water Hygiene and Sanitation Devices, Case Management, and Vaccination strategies. Results. Of the 9,421 people target, about 6589 people were sensitized, with 4412 from Cape Cameroon and 2177 from Toube. The first round of reactive OCV campaign achieved a coverage of 62.43% while that of the second round was 59.66%. Town crier and social mobilisers were the main sources of information. A majority of the target population was covered using the door to door strategy. All cases of vaccine refusals were managed. Conclusion. Overall OCV was highly accepted in these Island communities. Strengthening efforts on local advocacy, community mobilization, case management, implication of health area coordination teams and motivation of vaccination teams may have a better impact on controlling an outbreak.
ABSTRACT
Objectif. Nous avons voulu présenter notre expérience de la conduite de la première campagne de VCO réactive dans des communautés de pêcheurs difficiles à atteindre sur un district sanitaire archipélagique au Cameroun, avec quelques défis et leçons apprises. Population et Méthodes. Une étude transversale a été réalisée en utilisant les résultats de deux séries de campagnes de vaccination de masse réactive contre le choléra. Une cible estimée de 9 421 personnes âgées de 1 an et plus, y compris les femmes enceintes. Les deux séries ont eu lieu de février à mars 2020, avec un vaccin oral bivalent tué, ShancholTM. La phase de pré-campagne a consisté en une planification approfondie de l'analyse des risques, de la mobilisation sociale, de la logistique des vaccins, des dispositifs d'hygiène de l'eau et d'assainissement, de la gestion des cas et des stratégies de vaccination. Résultats. Sur 9 421 personnes ciblées, environ 6589 personnes ont été sensibilisées, dont 4412 au Cap Cameroun et 2177 à Toube. Le premier tour de la campagne de VCO réactive a atteint une couverture de 62,43% tandis que celle du second tour était de 59,66%. Les crieurs publics et les mobilisateurs sociaux ont été les principales sources d'information. La majorité de la population cible a été couverte par la stratégie du porte-à-porte. Tous les cas de refus de vaccins ont été pris en charge. Conclusion. Dans l'ensemble, le VCO a été très bien accepté dans ces communautés insulaires. Le renforcement des efforts sur le plaidoyer local, la mobilisation communautaire, la gestion des cas, l'implication des équipes de coordination des zones de santé et la motivation des équipes de vaccination peuvent avoir un meilleur impact sur le contrôle d'une épidémie.

Keywords

Challenges Lessons Learnt Mass Campaigns Cholera Vaccine Hard-to-reach community Cameroon Défis Leçons apprises Campagnes de masse Vaccin contre le choléra Communauté à accès difficile Cameroun

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Author Biography

Amani A, Director, Sub directorate of Vaccination, Directorate of Family Health, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon

Sub directorate of Vaccination, Directorate of Family Health, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon

How to Cite
Amani A, Cheuyem Lekeumo FZ, Asaah Tatang C, Mbang MA, Epee Douba EC, & Bouhenia M. (2022). Challenges and Lessons Learnt after Two Mass Campaigns of Oral Cholera Vaccine in Hard-to-Reach Fishermen Communities . HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 23(5). https://doi.org/10.5281/hsd.v23i5.3635
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