Article Sidebar

Download
PDF (Français (Canada))

Main Article Content

Abstract

RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. La rhinite chronique constitue un motif fréquent de consultation d’otorhinolaryngologie et l’allergie respiratoire en représente une cause majeure. Cette étude visait à décrire le profil de sensibilisation aux principaux pneumallergènes chez des patients suivis à Yaoundé. Méthode. Une étude transversale a été menée chez 63 patients testés par prick-tests parmi 82 inclus. Les caractéristiques démographiques, cliniques et les résultats des tests cutanés pour acariens, moisissures, pollens, blattes et phanères d’animaux ont été analysés. Résultats. Parmi les 63 patients testés, 51 (81%) présentaient au moins une sensibilisation et 12 (15,7%) avaient des tests négatifs. L’âge moyen était de 28,4 ans, avec une prédominance féminine (56,9%). Les symptômes dominants étaient la rhinorrhée (98%), l’obstruction nasale (94,1%), les éternuements (84,3%) et le prurit nasal (80,4%). Une conjonctivite associée était retrouvée chez 29,4% et un asthme chez 9,8%. La polysensibilisation était très fréquente (94,2%), avec en moyenne 2,4 allergènes positifs par patient. Les acariens représentaient les allergènes les plus fréquents (82,3%), dominés par Blomia tropicalis (78,4%), suivis de Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (72,5%) et Dermatophagoides farinae (68,6%). La co-sensibilisation aux trois acariens concernait 45,2% des patients. Les sensibilisations aux blattes (27,4%), phanères de chien (17,6%) et chat (5,4%), moisissures (Alternaria alternata 11,8% ; Aspergillus fumigatus 19,6%) et pollens (11,8%) étaient moins fréquentes. Les associations les plus courantes étaient acariens mixtes (39,6%), acariens + moisissures (14,6%) et acariens + blattes (12,5%). Conclusion. Les patients souffrant de rhinite chronique à Yaoundé présentent un fort profil de polysensibilisation, dominé par les acariens tropicaux. Ces données sont essentielles pour adapter le diagnostic et l'immunothérapie allergénique en contexte tropical comme Yaoundé.


ABSTRACT
Introduction. Chronic rhinitis is a common otolaryngology condition, largely driven by respiratory allergies. This study aimed to describe the sensitization profile to major aeroallergens among patients evaluated in Yaoundé. Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 63 patients who underwent skin prick testing out of 82 enrolled. Demographic characteristics, clinical features, and sensitization patterns to mites, molds, pollens, cockroaches, and animal dander were analyzed. Results. Among the 63 tested patients, 51 (81%) showed at least one positive reaction, while 12 (15.7%) had negative tests. The mean age was 28.4 years, with a female predominance (56.9%). The most frequent symptoms were watery rhinorrhea (98%), nasal obstruction (94.1%), sneezing (84.3%), and nasal itching (80.4%). Associated conjunctivitis and asthma were noted in 29.4% and 9.8% respectively. Polysensitization was highly prevalent (94.2%), with a mean of 2.4 positive allergens per patient. House dust mites were the leading allergens (82.3%), mainly Blomia tropicalis (78.4%), followed by Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (72.5%) and Dermatophagoides farinae (68.6%). Co-sensitization to the three mites occurred in 45.2% of patients. Sensitization to cockroach (27.4%), dog (17.6%) and cat dander (5.4%), molds (Alternaria alternata 11.8%; Aspergillus fumigatus 19.6%), and pollens (11.8%) was less frequent. The most common polysensitization profiles included mixed mites (39.6%), mites + molds (14.6%), and mites + cockroach (12.5%). Conclusion. Patients with chronic rhinitis in Yaoundé exhibit a strong polysensitization profile dominated by tropical house dust mites. These findings support more targeted diagnostic strategies and allergen-specific immunotherapy in tropical settings.

Keywords

Rhinite Chronique, Allergie Respiratoire, Acariens, Polysensibilisation, Yaoundé, Prick-Test. Chronic Rhinitis, Respiratory Allergy, House Dust Mites, Polysensitization, Yaoundé, Skin Prick Test

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Atanga Léonel Christophe, Alime Jacqueline Judith, Ngo Nyéki Adèle Rose, Mossus Yannick, Meva’a Biouélé Roger Christian, Djomou Francois, & Njock Richard. (2026). Profile of Sensitization to Dust Mites, Mold, Pollen, Cockroaches and Pet Dander in Chronic Rhinitis in Yaoundé: A Cross-Sectional Study of 51 Patients: Profil de la Sensibilisation aux Acariens, Moisissures, Pollen, Cafards et Phanères d’Animaux Domestiques dans la Rhinite Chronique à Yaoundé : Une Étude Transversale de 51 Patients. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 27(2). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18219009
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. 1. Zicari AM, De Castro G, Leonardi L, et al. Update on rhinitis and rhinosinusitis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol Off Publ Eur Soc Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2020; 31 Suppl 24: 32–33.
  2. 2. Meng Y, Lou H, Wang Y, et al. Endotypes of chronic rhinitis: A cluster analysis study. Allergy 2019; 74: 720–730.
  3. 3. Tantilipikorn P, Pinkaew B, Talek K, et al. Pattern of allergic sensitization in chronic rhinitis: A 19-year retrospective study. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2021; 39: 156–162.
  4. 4. Pham-Thi N, Bousiquier P, Chartier A. Polysensibilisation aux pneumallergènes : étude des profils cliniques et des modalités de prescription d’immunothérapies. Quelle immunothérapie pour les patients polysensibilisés ? Résultats d’une enquête nationale des pratiques auprès des allergologues. Rev Fr Allergol 2012; 52: 3–10.
  5. 5. Hu Z, Wang C, Xue J, et al. Sensitization to inhaled and food allergen sources in patients with allergic diseases in Eastern China. Front Allergy 2025; 6: 1616730.
  6. 6. Arbes SJJ, Cohn RD, Yin M, et al. House dust mite allergen in US beds: results from the First National Survey of Lead and Allergens in Housing. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003; 111: 408–414.
  7. 7. Bemba ELP, Bopaka RG, Afouna RAM, et al. Profil de sensibilisation aux pneumallergènes des patients asthmatiques au Centre hospitalier universitaire de Brazzaville. Rev Fr Allergol 2024; 64: 104120.
  8. 8. Toloba Y, Ouattara K, Soumaré D, et al. Profils de sensibilisation cutanée aux pneumallergènes des patients consultant pour allergie respiratoire à Bamako. Rev Mal Respir 2017; 34: A261.
  9. 9. Heinzerling L, Mari A, Bergmann K-C, et al. The skin prick test - European standards. Clin Transl Allergy 2013; 3: 3.
  10. 10. Kaya MA, Kocacik Uygun DF, Celik E, et al. The Role of Climate and Residency in Storage Mite Sensitivity among Children with Allergic Diseases in the Mediterranean Region. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2025; 186: 824–832.
  11. 11. Sánchez J, Diez L-S, Álvarez L, et al. Changes in Prevalence of IgE Sensitization and Allergenic Exposition over a 10-Year Period in a Tropical Region. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2025; 186: 12–22.
  12. 12. Caraballo L, Lockey R, Puerta L, et al. Blomia tropicalis: A 50-Year History. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2025; 13: 1289–1297.
  13. 13. Tran TT, Trinh THK, Pham DL, et al. Exploring the Link between Polysensitization and Allergic Rhinitis Subtypes in Vietnamese Patients. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2025; 1–13.
  14. 14. Loredo Colunga ME, López Rivera M de G, Silva Goytia LM, et al. [Sensitization to aeroallergens in adults with allergic rhinitis in a tertiary care hospital in Mexico City]. Rev Alerg Mex Tecamachalco Puebla Mex 1993 2025; 72: 87.
  15. 15. Atanga Léonel Christophe, Meva’a Biouele Roger Christian, Ngo Nyéki Adèle Rose, et al. Performance du « Score for Allergic Rhinitis » dans le Diagnostic de la Rhinite Allergique à Yaoundé. Health Sci Dis; 23. Epub ahead of print 28 April 2022. DOI: 10.5281/hsd.v23i5.3587.
  16. 16. Rosenfield L, Keith PK, Quirt J, et al. Allergic rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol Off J Can Soc Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 20: 74.
  17. 17. Larenas-Linnemann DES, Loy LC-W, Abdullah B, et al. Moving Towards an Integrated Approach to Allergic Rhinitis Management: ARIA and EUFOREA Guidelines Similarities and Differences. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2025; 25: 30.
  18. 18. Kakumanu ML, DeVries ZC, Santangelo RG, et al. Indoor allergens and endotoxins in relation to cockroach infestations in low-income urban homes. J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob 2026; 5: 100571.
  19. 19. Gleeson PK, Morales KH, Kerlin MP, et al. Racial differences in odds of asthma exacerbations among Aspergillus fumigatus-sensitized adults with asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol Off Publ Am Coll Allergy Asthma Immunol 2025; 134: 190-197.e10.
  20. 20. Torres-Borrego J, Suárez-Pérez J, Aliaga-Mazas Y, et al. Allergy to Alternaria alternata: Comprehensive review from the origin to the therapeutic approach. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2025; 53: 179–188.
  21. 21. Aud-In S, Juprasong Y, Tantilipikorn P, et al. Insights into Local Grass and Weed Pollen Sensitization in Bangkok, Thailand: IgE Reactivity Patterns, Cross-Reactivity, and Putative Allergens. J Asthma Allergy 2025; 18: 1193–121

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.