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Abstract

ABSTRACT
Introduction. Cytological evaluation of serous body fluids and fine needle aspiration cytology samples is widely used for diagnosing inflammatory, reactive, and malignant conditions, while the diagnostic accuracy depends largely on specimen preparation and quality. This study compared the diagnostic yield of cytospin and liquid-based cytology in the evaluation of serous body fluids and fine needle aspiration cytology samples. Methodology. This descriptive and comparative laboratory-based study analysed 686 specimens comprising ascitic fluid, pleural fluid, breast cyst aspirates, and aspirates from other cystic and solid lesions. Each specimen was processed using both cytospin and liquid-based cytology methods. Slides were stained with Papanicolaou, haematoxylin and eosin, and rapid Romanowsky stains. Specimen adequacy, cellular yield, background clarity, preservation of cytomorphological features, and overall diagnostic clarity were assessed. Results. Liquid-based cytology demonstrated significantly higher specimen adequacy, cellular yield, background cleanliness, preservation of nuclear and cytoplasmic details, and overall diagnostic clarity compared with cytospin across all staining techniques (p < 0.001). Higher rates of adequate cellularity and cleaner backgrounds were consistently observed in ascitic fluid, pleural fluid, and fine needle aspiration specimens. Among the staining methods, Papanicolaou stain provided the highest diagnostic clarity for both preparation techniques, followed by haematoxylin and eosin and rapid Romanowsky stains. Liquid-based cytology showed improved visualization of diagnostic cellular features in both malignant and benign conditions. Conclusion. Liquid-based cytology provides quality and diagnostic performance yield in the evaluation of serous body fluids and fine needle aspiration cytology samples in this study and may enhance diagnostic accuracy in routine cytopathology practice.
RÉSUMÉ
Introduction. L'évaluation cytologique des liquides biologiques séreux et des échantillons de cytoponction à l'aiguille fine est largement utilisée pour diagnostiquer des pathologies inflammatoires, réactionnelles et malignes ; cependant, la précision du diagnostic dépend largement de la préparation et de la qualité de l'échantillon. Cette étude a comparé le rendement diagnostique du Cytospin (cytocentrifugation) et de la cytologie en milieu liquide (LBC) dans l'évaluation de ces échantillons. Méthodologie. Cette étude de laboratoire descriptive et comparative a analysé 686 spécimens comprenant des liquides d'ascite, des liquides pleuraux, des produits d'aspiration de kystes mammaires et d'autres lésions kystiques et solides. Chaque échantillon a été traité par les deux méthodes (Cytospin et LBC). Les lames ont été colorées au Papanicolaou, à l'hématoxyline-éosine et par des colorations rapides de Romanowsky. L'adéquation du spécimen, le rendement cellulaire, la clarté du fond, la préservation des caractéristiques cytomorphologiques et la clarté diagnostique globale ont été évalués. Résultats. La cytologie en milieu liquide a démontré une adéquation de l'échantillon, un rendement cellulaire et une propreté du fond significativement plus élevés, ainsi qu'une meilleure préservation des détails nucléaires et cytoplasmiques par rapport au Cytospin, toutes techniques de coloration confondues (p < 0,001). Des taux plus élevés de cellularité adéquate et des fonds plus clairs ont été systématiquement observés dans les liquides d'ascite, les liquides pleuraux et les spécimens de cytoponction. Parmi les méthodes de coloration, la coloration de Papanicolaou a fourni la clarté diagnostique la plus élevée pour les deux techniques de préparation. La LBC a permis une meilleure visualisation des caractéristiques cellulaires diagnostiques dans les affections malignes et bénignes. Conclusion. La cytologie en milieu liquide offre une qualité et un rendement diagnostique supérieurs dans l'évaluation des liquides biologiques et des échantillons de cytoponction, et pourrait améliorer la précision diagnostique dans la pratique cytopathologique de routine.

Keywords

Cytology, Cytocentrifugation, Liquid-Based Cytology, Body Fluids, Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytologie, Cytocentrifugation, Cytologie en milieu liquide, Liquides biologiques, Ponction à l’aiguille fine.

Article Details

How to Cite
Efosa Bolaji Odigie, & Blessing Emosho Ogeyemhe. (2026). Comparative Assessment of Cytospin and Liquid-Based Cytology in the Evaluation of Serous Body Fluids and Fine Needle Aspirates: Évaluation Comparative de la Cytocentrifugation (Cytospin) et de la Cytologie en Milieu Liquide dans l’Analyse des Liquides Séreux et des Ponctions À l’Aiguille Fine. HEALTH SCIENCES AND DISEASE, 27(4), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19071453

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